John Maynard Keynes, 1st Baron Keynes, was an English economist whose writings are considered the basis for the school of thought known as Keynesian economics, as well as its various offshoots. Originally trained in mathematics, he built on and refined earlier work on the causes of business cycles. His ideas, further developed after his death as New Keynesianism, are seen as foundational to mainstream macroeconomics. He has been referred to as the "father of macroeconomics" and is considered one of the most influential economists of the 20th century.
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