Pope Clement VII formalized the marriage contract between 14-year-old Catherine de' Medici and the future King Henry II of France, reshaping French and Italian politics.

Fourteen-year-old Catherine de' Medici marries Henry, Duke of Orléans, in Marseille, a union that would one day make her Queen of France.

Thomas Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury, declared Henry VIII's marriage to Catherine of Aragon null and void, clearing the way for his union with Anne Boleyn.

Francisco Pizarro's small Spanish force entered the Inca imperial capital of Cusco, seizing the heart of an empire already shattered by civil war and disease.

Elizabeth Tudor was born at Greenwich Palace, the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn, destined to rule England for 44 transformative years.

Conquistador Francisco Pizarro's forces march into Cusco, the Inca imperial capital, cementing Spain's grip on the shattered Inca Empire.